At what age can a child be left alone at home according to the law in Russia in 2020: responsibility under the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation

What does the law dictate?

Article 20 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation determines the actual place of residence of minor children (i.e. under 14 years of age) at the address where their parents live.

If the parents do not live together, the child’s place of residence will be determined by the decision of his mother and father.

Thus, Article 65 of the RF IC states: if one of the parents wants to register a child in their home, he must obtain the consent of the other parent. This means that responsibility for the child’s accommodation will lie with the parent who registers.

A teenager from 14 to 18 years old is given the opportunity to independently register at the addresses assigned to his parents by writing an application.

Article 18 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation states that capable persons can independently choose their place of residence with the written consent of their parents.

Until what age is a child required to live with his parents?

Children must live with one of the parents or their legal representative. Until the age of 14, the child’s place of residence is determined unambiguously - at the address of residence of the parents or legal representatives.

According to the law, responsibility for the upbringing, maintenance and development of children lies with parents or persons replacing them: guardians, adoptive parents, trustees.

At the age of 14, a teenager is not yet ready to live independently, therefore, even after reaching this age, the law determines his place of residence with his parents (Clause 1 of Article 63 of the RF IC).

At the same time, a child, with the consent of the parents, can live with close relatives, for example, with a grandmother or grandfather, but at the same time, receive care and education from their parents.

Children under guardianship, or adopted children, live together with those who care for them.

At what age can you leave a child alone at home? Home alone: pros and cons

Now, a question has arisen in connection with recent events. Is it possible to leave children alone in the cinema while watching a film? My friend, for example, often leaves her children - 8 and 5 years old - in the cinema, while she goes to the clinic or shopping - 1.5 - 2 hours is free for little money and the children are happy. I argued with her several times because of this. You cannot entrust the function of nanny to an 8-year-old or to a movie theater supervisor. Even if it’s not a fire, suddenly another child comes up and hurts yours, or a pedophile maniac drags you away and does something to him right there in the cinema hall - no one will stand up. Or the session will end earlier - the lights will be turned off, and your children will go where - it is unknown.

In general, this is how I understand Article 125: you can leave it at your own discretion. But if a child under 14 years old falls out of a window, eats pills or starts a fire, then during the trial the parent will be to blame, because he left the child alone in conditions that threaten his life.

We recommend reading: If no one lives in the apartment, is it necessary to install electric meters?

Is it possible to live separately from your parents at 16 years old?

Having reached the age of 16, the child continues to live with his parents, who are fully responsible for him.

A teenager can move to live separately only with the consent of his parents, and he must be registered in the dormitory of the educational institution or live with an adult on the basis of a power of attorney issued by the parents.

As for wards, in some cases it is possible to obtain the consent of the guardianship authority for a 16-year-old child to live separately from the guardian.

In this case, the guardian/trustee is subject to 2 conditions:

A child’s independent life will not affect his upbringing in any way.
The guardian/trustee is obliged to take care of the child and pay attention to him (Article 36 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, paragraph 2).

Without the consent of the parents, a 16-year-old child cannot live separately from them, unless the emancipation procedure is first carried out.

In this case, with the consent of the parents, the child can live independently. From the age of 18, parental consent is no longer required.

Emancipation, that is, recognition of a minor as legally competent, is carried out by decision of the guardianship authority with the consent of both parents/guardians/adoptive parents, or by a court decision in the absence of consent.

According to the law, parents/legal representatives are not responsible for the obligations of an emancipated child.

Thus, if a 16-year-old child is recognized as fully capable, then he has every right to live separately from his mother/father or persons replacing them.

Is it possible for a child to live independently from the age of 17? The same rules apply for 17-year-olds as for 16-year-olds.

At what age should a child leave the parental family?

Further, normally the connection between the child and parents (especially the mother) at the beginning of the relationship should be as close as possible. And gradually it should become freer and freer. How this is implemented in practice, gradually as the child grows up, parents give their child more and more responsibility for his life. The child does more and more on his own until he feels that he is firmly on his own two feet. And according to the law of our country, young people who have reached the age of 18 are considered adults and begin to take full responsibility for their lives and their actions. Can this age be considered optimal for a child to move independently through life? Not a simple question, but you definitely need to rely on something. At 18, many boys and girls are already quite independent and can build their own lives. As a rule, at this moment they have formed their own, not always adequate, ideas about life, but for the most part it is quite possible to live with these ideas. And here I would like to express my opinion. It is the sacred duty of parents to give their child life and share all the best that they have, teach him to live in this world, and then again take serious care of himself. That is, I see it this way - a grown child, upon reaching 18 years of age, leaves the family to swim freely, and the parents begin to live their own lives and begin to fully realize their desires. This does not mean that until the child grows up, they do not think about themselves and do nothing. They do, but after their children come of age, they have even more free time and opportunities for this. Moreover, it is not necessary to forget about the children at this moment; you can remember. But their own life becomes a priority. Because they gave everything they could to their child. Now there is an opportunity to evaluate what and how they taught their child, observing his independent life.

And the children begin to live separately, realize their desires and build their own lives. Of course, they can come to their parents, ask them for money and something else, but their parents can refuse (or help) them because they are now busy with their own business. So to speak, my duty to society and children has been fulfilled, and I can now live freely. This is of course ideal. In reality it can be different.

11 Sep 2020 consurist 290

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How can I explain to my mother that I want to live separately?

The desire of children to move to live separately, especially at a very young age, is usually perceived with hostility by parents. Mothers, who are accustomed to caring for and protecting their child, are especially attached to their children.

Even a matured 16-year-old boy still seems small and helpless to his mother . Overly suspicious mothers, having heard the child’s desire to live separately, immediately imagine the darkest scenarios for the further development of events.

Another reason why sometimes mothers do not let their grown-up children leave them is the fear of loneliness . Often this fear haunts single mothers.

It seems to them that once the child moves, their life will fade and become meaningless. If a daughter or son moves in with their significant other, mothers sometimes feel jealous.

If you decide to move away from your parents at the age of 16-18, you will have to prepare them, especially your mother, for this in advance so as not to encounter a flurry of emotions.

First you need to understand what exactly is bothering your mother . If she thinks you are not yet completely independent, explain that you can do an excellent job cleaning the room and cooking.

Tell your mom about your earnings, which will allow you to pay the necessary expenses. Be sure to give her your address, leave the keys, and ask her to come see you at any time.

Promise to visit her often . If your mother uses the Internet, install Skype on her computer, through which you can hear and see each other every day.

Try to find positive aspects in your move not only for yourself, but also for your mother . For example, she can now stand at the stove less, a room will be freed up, there will be more space in the house, your friends will no longer make noise when they stay up late at your place, etc.

Convince her that it will only be difficult at first; anyway, sooner or later she will have to let you go into an adult, independent life. And now mother, having fulfilled her parental duty, has the right to live for herself.

If you have a desire to move away from your parents, it means that you are already mature and are quite capable of living on your own. However, remember that this life will be significantly different from the cozy, comfortable life in your father’s house.

Additional expenses will appear, and you will bear full responsibility for your life.

At what age can you leave a child at home alone?

I was abandoned from the age of 7, when I went to school, by my parents at work. And I'm home from school. But I was always afraid of being alone at home at that age, some kind of ridiculous childhood fears. I was very afraid of the living room (don’t laugh) it always seemed to me that there was someone there.

From the age of 13, I began to walk everywhere alone, most of my classmates also around the age of 11-13, although there were those over whom their parents did not worry so much in this sense. The time was dangerous. I only walked in the yard alone, there were many friends there, or they let me go with a big group. I stayed at home since I was 6 years old, but I really didn’t like it, I was afraid to be alone. Although we had a house in the center, it was full of drug addicts and all sorts of bandits, there were syringes lying around in the entrance. I didn’t like this house at all, it was always scary there even when everyone was home, it was some kind of bad place or something) Often my grandmother or grandfather came to me, they had nothing special to do, and it was more fun for me. I fell in love with being alone since I was 11.

Pros and cons of living separately from parents

The independent, separate life of a child who has just left the parental wing has its pros and cons. On the one hand, it’s good to live together: parents will feed you, give you something to drink, clean you up, wake you up, and give you money for expenses.

However, modern youth are trying to do everything to live separately. According to statistics, the age of separation from parents decreases every year. Today's young people tend to separate themselves as soon as they finish school. So what's the deal?

Here are some disadvantages of living together:

Parental oppression. Parents, as usual, are wiser and always know everything better. Adults often do not accept children’s mistakes, because they explain everything so carefully to their foolish children. But young people want to make mistakes, make mistakes, draw conclusions and make mistakes again. This is the only way to accumulate your personal experience.
24-hour control and the need to report on everything. Parents usually always need to explain why they were late, where they were, and at the same time promise that this will not happen again. They usually control every step of their children.
Constant monitoring of progress. I failed the exam, received a low score - all this is a consequence of communicating with “bad” friends, etc. This is followed by punishment in the form of various prohibitions until the grade rises or the session is passed.
Constant feeling of guilt towards parents. The disappointment in their eyes breaks your heart.

The advantages of living a separate life from your parents are that you get rid of control, reproaches, remorse, punishment, etc. However, there are also disadvantages.

You will have to get used to taking full responsibility on yourself. In addition, you will have to fully support yourself and pay bills. In addition, be prepared to lose a cozy environment, round-the-clock love and care, as well as pocket money.

So, the law does not prohibit living separately from parents at the age of 16, subject to the conditions described above . However, do you need such early independence? It's up to you to decide.

to the article “At what age can you live separately from your parents?”

05/24/2018 at 18:48
Lina writes:
I am 16 years old, I have a child, the child’s father wants us to live together, but my mother does not want to let me go anywhere, do I have the right to live separately even without her consent?
Answer
12/23/2018 at 10:21 pm
Anastasia writes:
I’m 17 years old, I’m dating a guy who’s 20. I don’t want to wait until I’m 18 in 4 months. And he took the initiative to live together. My mother calmly let me go, but his roots are bending him and saying that I am small and because of me they will imprison him. How can I explain to her that he won’t be imprisoned????
Answer
03/02/2019 at 10:15
The person writes:
Good afternoon. I’m 18, soon to be 19. Due to parental oppression and fights, I’m trying to move in with a friend. My mother told me that I allegedly do not have the right to move away from them, because... There is a law that until the age of 23, a guardian is responsible for his ward. I haven’t found such information in any code. What can I do? How to properly present this information to her and escape? How can I avoid persecution from my father? Where to go?
Answer
07/23/2019 at 12:03
wolf writes:
Don’t worry, you can live independently according to the code from the age of 18.
Answer
02.08.2019 at 23:33
Lololosha writes:
Just get out and tell them that you can move away from them a long time ago since you are already of full age. Parental consent is not required. And if she says that you cannot move away from them, then tell them what advantages there will be if you move out
Answer
06/08/2019 at 22:22
Ellena writes:
Hello! A 15-year-old daughter entered a lyceum in another city (grades 10-11). There we arrange temporary registration - the lyceum is happy with this arrangement. He will live with his older 27-year-old sister in a rented apartment. What documents are needed from us, the parents, so that we here and they there do not encounter problems with registration, accommodation, going to hospitals, studying?
Answer
06/24/2019 at 07:52
Sashshka writes:
Hello. I am 15 years old. My parents live in the village, and I need to get an education. We found a college, but unfortunately it does not provide dormitories. My adult boyfriend lives in this very city where the college is located. I want to live with him. Can I Should I live with him, with the consent of my parents?
Answer
09.22.2019 at 18:03
Santek writes:
I'm 14, oh, I have to wait 4 more years (((
Answer

Puberty and marriageable age in Russia: how they are related

In Russia the situation was somewhat confusing. The marriage age itself, changing regularly, was, as a rule, much higher than in Europe - in the time of Peter it was 20 years for men and 17 for women. At the end of the 18th century, the Synod lowered it, but by the 19th century it again became one of the highest in Europe - 18 years for men and 16 for women. At the same time, officers had their own rules, and to get married it was necessary not only to reach the age of 23, but also to serve at least two years in the same military unit.

In addition to the “state” marriage age, there were separate church norms according to which men could get married after 15, and women could get married after 13 years.

Since the time of Peter I, “mental health” has been listed as a prerequisite for marriage - Peter’s decree “On the testimony of fools in the Senate” prohibited nobles unfit for service from marrying. In Catherine's times, marriage also required a medical examination confirming puberty and the consent of parents or guardians. But there was also the Caucasus, where special norms were officially in force (in accordance with the requirements of Islam)!

Perhaps it was the abundance of these rules that led to the fact that in the USSR Criminal Code the age of sexual consent was designated very simply, literally in one phrase - “reaching puberty” (while the age of consent was 18 years). In 1996, specifics appeared - 16 years, regardless of gender. In 1998 it was lowered to 14, and in 2003 it was raised again to 16 and remains so to this day.

However, debates about what it should be like do not subside, and not only in Russia. We should not forget that legal norms do not have indisputable authority for adolescents experiencing a hormonal storm, and the real age of onset of sexual activity does not always coincide with the normative age.

In the post-revolutionary USSR, girls began to be sexually active at 19–21 years old, and until the 1960s, both the age of sexual debut and the age of marriage increased. From the 1960s to the 1990s, the youth of the USSR gradually caught up with the rest of the world and the age of first sex decreased, but in America over the past decades, on the contrary, it has increased, and now in Russia and America it is almost the same - 17 years on average in all states and 16 years in our country.