Legislative norms
Marriage is a family union between a man and a woman, registered through authorized state bodies. It defines mutual rights and obligations. At the same time, citizens have the right to enter into a marriage contract. The document establishes the rules of cohabitation and the consequences of ending the relationship.
Family law identifies the following principles of marriage:
- mutual agreement;
- equality of rights between husband and wife;
- building relationships on mutual respect, help, love;
- responsibility for each other, as well as for children.
Relations between spouses who do not have common children are terminated by applying to the registry office with a statement if there is general consent. If they are parents, the divorce process is carried out through the courts. One of the parents prepares a statement of claim demanding a divorce. In such cases, the plaintiff has the right to choose the court in which to file the claim.
This can be done at your place of registration or at the registration of your spouse. Often, husband and wife are given time to reconcile. The duration of this period can be up to three months. After the judge considers the claim, a decision is made. The document that confirms the fact of divorce is a divorce certificate.
We wondered who we lived with: the number of divorces will double in Russia
Previously, many things faded into the background, but in a confined space and with constant communication they appeared. Parents suddenly recognized their children, and at the same time each other.
Photo: Shutterstock
The Ministry of Justice recently made me happy: Russian families have become stronger during self-isolation! According to the department, in the first quarter of this year, 142.6 thousand divorces were registered in Russia, which is 5.2 thousand less than in the same period last year.
Lawyers and attorneys object: the Ministry of Justice statistics are disingenuous! Already in June, Russia will experience a boom in divorces. How does this happen? The Komsomolskaya Pravda correspondent understood the vicissitudes of divorce.
AND THIS IS OUR CHILD?!
Olga and Nikolai Ignatiev (names have been changed) decided to divorce because of their teenage son. Before quarantine, this was a completely prosperous family. The husband works hard from morning to evening, the wife runs the house. There is prosperity and order in the house. My son is a good student. For this, his parents will either buy him a new iPhone or some other expensive gadget. And then they declared self-isolation.
The parents took a closer look at the child. It turned out that the good boy son is a complete egoist and doesn’t give a damn about his parents. The wife accused her husband, saying that he did not take care of his son. And the husband said that he worked to pay off the mortgage, and the wife had to look after the child.
— Previously, many things faded into the background, but in a confined space and with constant communication they appeared. Parents suddenly recognized their children, and at the same time each other. Against the backdrop of the conflict around the child, the spouses began to understand that they themselves had different ideas about life,” Sergei Teterin, director of the Gambit-S legal agency, told Komsomolskaya Pravda.
According to him, the number of requests regarding divorce and division of property has increased sharply.
“Over the past month and a half, I personally have undertaken to handle 8 cases regarding the division of property during a divorce, I simply can’t handle any more, so many of those who applied have had to be turned down for now,” Teterin admits.
NOVELS ON THE SIDE DISAPPEARED - MARRIAGE FAILED
The National Parents Committee has proposed doubling the period for reconciliation between spouses in case of divorce. According to the chairman of the committee, Irina Volynets , the self-isolation regime can cause rash divorces. Indeed, some people may lose their nerves in quarantine, but others, thanks to isolation, simply take a better look at their life partner.
— It’s no secret that among married couples there is a fairly large percentage of affairs on the side. These are not necessarily novels that turn into sex, but also flirting and intimate conversations. People stopped going to work, and they can’t run outside either - they have lost their emotional release. A person wants to receive this communication at home, and suddenly realizes that he has no one to talk to,” says Sergei Teterin.
Lawyers note that most divorces will occur among apparently prosperous families.
— Quarantine acted as a kind of catalyst. When a husband and wife earn money themselves, and money is not a limiting factor, the decision to divorce is easier to make. But in families with financial problems, the number of divorces is likely to decrease. The coronavirus will force these families to unite and force the spouses to close their eyes to some situations, says Sergei Teterin.
— A crisis usually strengthens families; people are afraid of being left alone, without a livelihood. In previous economic crises, the number of divorces always decreased, confirms demographer Vladimir Timakov. At the same time, he notes: “the current crisis is special, it is a crisis of being together for a long time,” which means that even money can sometimes recede into the background.
It's no secret that among married couples there is a fairly large percentage of affairs on the side. People stopped going to work, they can’t run outside either - they have lost their emotional release
Photo: Shutterstock
THE STAMP IN THE PASSPORT HAS BEEN SIGNIFICANT
— Due to the fact that the courts stopped working during self-isolation, already initiated divorce proceedings were not considered. And people who only intended to divorce were unable to apply. Plus, they will be joined by couples who did not get along in quarantine. Therefore, in June the number of divorced marriages will be at least twice as high as in June last year,” Victoria Dergunova, lawyer, head of the family law practice at BGP Litigation, told KP.
According to her, self-isolation has forced many to reconsider their views on marriage.
— For example, a couple lived together for a long time. The marriage was not so hot, but they were not going to dissolve it. And during the pandemic, real estate prices are falling. The spouses want to buy it, but then it will automatically fall into joint ownership, and they don’t want that. Someone faced inheritance rights. “What will happen if they find coronavirus in me, put me on a ventilator and I die? And my husband is the heir of the first line, I don’t want him to get everything, but I don’t want to get a divorce either. What to do?". Many grandparents and parents decided to transfer the property to their children. And the children are in a marriage that is bursting at the seams. “How to ensure that housing does not later become a controversial asset?” Victoria Dergunova gives examples.
There are also those who, on the contrary, understand: the stamp in the passport matters!
— For example, people live in a civil marriage and love each other. And if one of them becomes seriously ill: what about access to intensive care? They are not relatives,” Dergunova notes.
HEATS MEANS HE DOESN'T LOVE
According to the chief psychiatrist of the Ministry of Health, head of the Serbsky Psychiatry Center Zurab Kekelidze , Russians began to call the medical and psychological help hotline more often. At the same time, approximately 15-20% of calls are somehow related to coronavirus. Zurab Kekelidze is also confident that after the self-isolation regime is lifted, the number of divorces will increase. And he advises: in order to reduce the degree of tension in the family, you need to give each family member at least an hour a day of personal time when he can be alone.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 20 to 30 percent of the world's population is in borderline mental and psychological health. That is, they do not have psychiatric diagnoses, but they may have them. In a confined space during self-isolation, psychopathy intensifies.
The need to be with each other for a long time has already caused a wave of domestic violence, lawyers note.
“We are talking not only about physical violence, but also about psychological violence. The one who earns money in the family becomes the dominant one. Before this, people could throw out negative emotions in squabbles at work, intrigues, and dirty tricks. And now there is nowhere else to do this, only the house remains,” says Sergei Teterin.
The need to be with each other for a long time has already caused a wave of domestic violence
Photo: Shutterstock
According to him, requests for help most often come from the sisters and mothers of women tortured by their spouses.
“Many people ask that I, as a mediator, talk to the fighter and say that if the assault continues, I guarantee that a criminal case will be initiated under the article “Torture.” Over the past year, I had three cases when I defended the interests of victims, and their husbands received real sentences for domestic violence. Sometimes preventative conversations work, sometimes they don’t. I always say, “if she’s such a bitch that you can’t stand her and hold back your fist, then just leave.” If persuasion does not help, I explain to the victims how to behave correctly in the police,” says Teterin.
— In addition to domestic violence, there are more problems with non-compliance with court decisions on the rules of communication with children. This applies to ex-spouses. For example, a mother does not allow the father to see the child, citing self-isolation. There are a lot of abuses here,” adds Victoria Dergunova. — For example, in the UK, the courts have given special clarifications regarding disputes about children during the pandemic. They say that court decisions must be executed except in cases that pose a threat to the life and health of the child. At the same time, it should be possible to communicate with the child remotely - by phone or via the Internet. And when all the grounds for restrictions disappear, the parent must be compensated for the time that he should have spent with the child. In Russia there are no such explanations.
SO DON'T GET YOU TO ANYONE!
Lawyers can spend hours telling stories about how ex-spouses divide property - inventing receipts, slapping various debts on each other.
— People with assets, as a rule, went to business school. And this is a school of rather predatory behavior, and when dividing property, the behavior of the parties is appropriate,” notes Sergei Teterin.
And he tells a funny story from his practice. A wealthy married couple (each spouse has their own business) gets divorced and divides their property. Their lawyers manage to sign a settlement agreement. And then one unforeseen circumstance arises - a coffee service. None of the spouses categorically agreed to give it up to the other. The settlement agreement is in jeopardy.
- Considering the amounts that the spouses mutually conceded to each other, it was simply ridiculous. It would be nice if it was an antique set, but no, it’s Czech from Soviet times. My client’s argument was: “I won’t give him the service! For his whore to drink from these cups?!” The ex-husband responded in much the same way. Then the lawyer representing the interests of the other side and I thought: we just need to destroy this service. We talked with our clients and suggested: “maybe, so that no one gets this set, I’ll accidentally drop it when we go to the appraiser?” Both of our clients really liked this idea. My colleague and I agreed that we would drop the set together. They broke it, photographed the fragments, and people calmly parted ways. This is a personal factor. When the spouses divided the business, they were guided by common sense, they understood that it was impossible to undermine the situation in the companies, the teams would suffer, but during the division of the service they showed emotions towards each other, laughs Sergei Teterin.
How many marriages break up in Russia?
The latest data in Russia is disappointing: more than 50% of marriages end in divorce. In 2020, just over 1,000,000 marriages were registered, while more than 600,000 families broke up.
The most critical age period for a family is from 5 to 9 years . Moreover, having 2 or more children, according to statistics, reduces the likelihood of divorce.
However, this is not a panacea. Sometimes neither the presence of children nor a long life together can keep the family boat afloat.
According to Rosstat, more than 60% of unions broke up in 2020: only 985,000 marriages were concluded and 608,000 divorces took place.
In 2014–2015, slightly fewer marriages broke up: 57.7% in 2014 and 52.67% in 2020.
Since the 90s in Russia, the most divorces occurred in 2002 - 854,000, and in 1998, on the contrary, the smallest number - only 502,000.
It has also been noted that couples often choose summer to get married, and spring to divorce.
The most “crisis” period for a family, according to statistics, is 5-9 years . In 2020, more than 25% of divorces took place within this age range. But even after a nine-year union, couples often break up.
In 2020, more than 19% of families whose age ranged from 10 to 20 years collapsed.
Couples who have been married for 1-2 years also often divorce . According to statistics from the same Rosstat, in 2020, about 20% of couples broke up during this period of marriage.
But in the first year of marriage, spouses rarely divorce; only 4.7% of such families are noted. Marriages that lasted more than 20 years ended in 13.2% of cases in 2020.
According to statistics, the more children in a family, the lower the likelihood of divorce . For example, in 2020, 56.7% of divorced spouses did not have children together.
Families with one child collapse less often . Only a third of divorces occur in families with one child. Spouses who have 2 or more children divorce even less often. In 2016, only 12.1% of such families (73,000 people) broke up.
Statistics of marriages and divorces in Russia by year table
Years | Marriage statistics in Russia | Divorce statistics in Russia | ||
Total, units | Per 1000 population | Total, units | Per 1000 population | |
1950 | 1222971 | 12,0 | 49378 | 0,5 |
1960 | 1499581 | 12,5 | 184398 | 1,5 |
1970 | 1319227 | 10,1 | 396589 | 3,0 |
1980 | 1464579 | 10,6 | 580720 | 4,2 |
1990 | 1319928 | 8,9 | 559918 | 3,8 |
1995 | 1075219 | 7,3 | 665904 | 4,5 |
2000 | 897327 | 6,2 | 627703 | 4,3 |
2001 | 1001589 | 6,9 | 763493 | 5,3 |
2002 | 1019762 | 7,1 | 853647 | 5,9 |
2003 | 1091778 | 7,5 | 798824 | 5,5 |
2004 | 979667 | 6,8 | 635835 | 4,4 |
2005 | 1066366 | 7,4 | 604942 | 4,2 |
2006 | 1113562 | 7,8 | 640837 | 4,5 |
2007 | 1262500 | 8,8 | 685910 | 4,8 |
2008 | 1179007 | 8,3 | 703412 | 4,9 |
2009 | 1199446 | 8,4 | 699430 | 4,9 |
2010 | 1215066 | 8,5 | 639321 | 4,5 |
2011 | 1316011 | 9,2 | 669376 | 4,7 |
2012 | 1213598 | 8,5 | 644101 | 4,5 |
2013 | 1225501 | 8,5 | 667971 | 4,7 |
2014 | 1225985 | 8,4 | 693730 | 4,7 |
2015 | 1161068 | 7,9 | 611646 | 4,2 |
2016 | 985836 | 6,7 | 608336 | 4,1 |
2017 | 1049735 | 7,1 | 611436 | 4,2 |
2018 | 893039 | 6,1 | 583942 | 4,0 |
— For 2003-2010. indicators were calculated using the population recalculated taking into account the results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census.
— Statistics of marriages and divorces are given taking into account data for the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol.
Marriage statistics by age of the bride and groom by year
Years | Number of marriages by groom's age, years | Number of marriages by bride's age, years | ||||||
before 18 | 18-24 | 25-34 | 35 or more | before 18 | 18-24 | 25-34 | 35 or more | |
1960 | 226 | 798207 | 468734 | 232012 | 5015 | 949816 | 320916 | 223208 |
1970 | 2464 | 809466 | 328416 | 178797 | 19227 | 933308 | 201485 | 165041 |
1980 | 5115 | 902610 | 369768 | 187027 | 32591 | 1000767 | 272157 | 158944 |
1990 | 13536 | 692941 | 389739 | 223628 | 72073 | 779437 | 273108 | 195227 |
1991 | 13506 | 671857 | 367477 | 224314 | 81035 | 746538 | 253344 | 196240 |
1992 | 10611 | 561052 | 288860 | 193113 | 72697 | 615119 | 197645 | 168177 |
1993 | 9837 | 605349 | 295350 | 196116 | 75936 | 660105 | 200753 | 169863 |
1994 | 8844 | 578305 | 293623 | 199774 | 69237 | 638631 | 200070 | 172605 |
1995 | 8044 | 555859 | 303953 | 207319 | 63633 | 628329 | 205549 | 177655 |
1996 | 6167 | 430853 | 254362 | 175246 | 47481 | 500163 | 170058 | 148921 |
1997 | 5906 | 456025 | 279800 | 186531 | 43815 | 540549 | 188873 | 155055 |
1998 | 4851 | 406962 | 264497 | 172250 | 37016 | 493365 | 178447 | 139743 |
1999 | 3773 | 425864 | 297276 | 184148 | 32945 | 530779 | 202142 | 145226 |
2000 | 3703 | 403851 | 303216 | 186133 | 29889 | 511446 | 212528 | 143193 |
2001 | 3576 | 432766 | 354058 | 210925 | 28438 | 561093 | 250614 | 161208 |
2002 | 3316 | 421283 | 374513 | 220447 | 25795 | 560025 | 267911 | 165936 |
2003 | 3415 | 437321 | 417253 | 233633 | 26428 | 596181 | 297448 | 171623 |
2004 | 2812 | 376343 | 381937 | 218344 | 23428 | 519606 | 276317 | 160167 |
2005 | 2466 | 404383 | 430837 | 228522 | 21039 | 565910 | 314894 | 164370 |
2006 | 2274 | 414163 | 463047 | 234009 | 19930 | 589274 | 339162 | 165113 |
2007 | 1921 | 447090 | 538131 | 275288 | 18657 | 643038 | 406664 | 194053 |
2008 | 1914 | 395318 | 513547 | 268129 | 16794 | 571956 | 399097 | 191053 |
2009 | 1480 | 380613 | 539805 | 277507 | 14062 | 559805 | 428148 | 197399 |
2010 | 1131 | 372782 | 564776 | 276219 | 11698 | 554772 | 451318 | 197162 |
2011 | 1097 | 380457 | 633360 | 301045 | 11425 | 574707 | 514339 | 215505 |
2012 | 952 | 327000 | 594126 | 291469 | 10569 | 496335 | 492239 | 214427 |
2013 | 931 | 300195 | 619534 | 304826 | 9695 | 465626 | 521289 | 228879 |
20141) | 835 | 273994 | 632025 | 319131 | 9180 | 436993 | 534702 | 245110 |
2015 | 853 | 247588 | 606002 | 306625 | 8462 | 400952 | 513566 | 238088 |
2016 | 705 | 195598 | 515092 | 274441 | 6825 | 323582 | 439084 | 216345 |
2017 | 556 | 199294 | 547631 | 302254 | 5886 | 334893 | 465798 | 243158 |
2018 | 454 | 170440 | 456639 | 265506 | 4593 | 285576 | 386641 | 216214 |
Statistics of marriages and divorces for 15 years in Russia
Divorce table in numbers:
Year | Marriages | Divorces | % of divorces |
2000 | 897327 | 627703 | 70 |
2001 | 1001589 | 763493 | 76 |
2002 | 10019762 | 853647 | 84 |
2003 | 1091778 | 798824 | 73 |
2004 | 979667 | 635825 | 65 |
2005 | 1066366 | 604942 | 57 |
2006 | 1113562 | 640837 | 58 |
2007 | 1262500 | 685910 | 54 |
2008 | 1179007 | 703412 | 60 |
2009 | 1199446 | 699430 | 58 |
2010 | 1215066 | 639321 | 53 |
2011 | 1316011 | 669376 | 52 |
2012 | 1213598 | 644101 | 53 |
2013 | 1225501 | 666971 | 55 |
The period from 2000 to 2004 is characterized by the highest percentage of divorces. Approximately 700 out of 1000 couples broke up their family. From 2005 to 2012, the situation improved noticeably. Sociologists associate this with the strengthening of the country's economic condition. Statistics from recent years show that the number of divorces is growing. According to UN research, after 2012 the Russian Federation ranks first in the world in the number of divorces. The number of divorces over the past three years has reached almost 70%. Since 2013, the number of divorced marriages has been growing significantly. Scientists attribute this increase to the fact that children born in the early 90s are getting married. This was a period of instability in the country.
First quarter | Marriages | First quarter | Divorces |
2013 | 218070 | 2013 | 157065 |
2014 | 207825 | 2014 | 172310 |
Every year the number of broken families increases significantly. There is an opinion that by 2020, 850 out of 1000 couples will divorce.
Statistics on the causes of divorce
Experts explain the decrease in the number of marriages and the high percentage of divorces for a number of reasons.
Numerous opinion polls have revealed the following reasons for divorce in the Russian Federation:
- Alcoholism and drug addiction - 41%.
- Lack of own housing - 26%.
- Constant interference of relatives in family life - 14%.
- Absence of children – 8%.
- Frequent and long periods of separation – 6%.
- Imprisonment – 2%.
- Long-term illness of a spouse – 1%.
With the development of the Internet, a new reason for the breakdown of families has appeared - social networks..
Thus, a survey was conducted in the psychoanalytic center of St. Petersburg, the results of which revealed that social networks have caused the destruction of up to 15% of marriages.
According to psychologists, this figure will only grow over the years, since the circle of World Wide Web users is expanding every day, and some people have even acquired Internet addiction.
Sociologists have established a number of reasons that, on the contrary, prevent spouses from getting a divorce.
The most common of them are the following:
- it is difficult to “divide” children (35%);
- the need to divide property (30%);
- financial dependence of one spouse on the other (22%);
- disagreement of one of the spouses to divorce (18%).
What might be missing in a marriage?
When entering into marriage, each spouse expects something from their partner. When a husband or wife no longer meets the needs of their other half, things move towards divorce. A man, starting a family, dreams of receiving the following from a woman:
- selfless love;
- true feeling;
- accepting all his shortcomings;
- understanding a man;
- general views on life;
- compatibility with partner;
- sex appeal;
- mutual respect;
- opportunity and desire to have children.
When a woman gets married, she expects the following from her relationship with her partner:
- feeling of security;
- respectful attitude;
- male fidelity;
- financial well-being;
- selfless love;
- dreams of having children, the desire to help raise them:
- common interests;
- sexual compatibility.
Stages of conflicts that lead to divorce:
- dispute for leadership in the family, constant rivalry;
- visible cooperation - the distribution of roles in the family ceases to coincide with the desires of each spouse, but the realization comes that one needs to live by the rules, follow certain boundaries. Such behavior leads to the fact that everyone begins to live their own lives. Often in such a situation, they decide to save the family for the sake of the well-being of the children or the reluctance to share living space. Problems arise in sex, intimacy is mechanical in nature. At this stage, relationships on the side often arise.
Different views on life
Not such a rare reason for divorce. Views on raising children, everyday habits, work, friends, taste preferences - even if there are serious differences, partners cannot come to a common opinion. And neither side is going to give in: two strong personalities collide, each partner trying to impose their chosen lifestyle on the other. Such a marriage is impossible, it breaks up.
Many divorces could be avoided if people knew how to negotiate and listen to each other. Moreover, this rule should apply to both partners.
Jealousy
A partner's jealousy, especially unfounded jealousy, is a common cause of divorce. It is impossible to live with a person who constantly suspects his partner of cheating and does not trust him. Often the situation is aggravated by assault.
Divorce is the right decision in this case. You should know that jealousy is equated with mental disorders. But only if it really has no basis.
Early marriages
The second common cause of divorce is early marriage. Young girls and boys in a state of love are in a hurry to conclude an alliance. However, neither physically nor emotionally they are ready for life together. The family seems to them like a romantic pastime, but in reality it turns out that it is a huge responsibility and work. Passion passes, feelings fade, family falls apart.
Therefore, it is important to take your time, give each other time and not rush to have children - first, you should check your feelings.
Statistics of adultery
In Russia, statistics on adultery are as follows:
41% of wives cheated on their husbands at least once;
59% of husbands do not deny cheating.
The main motives for cheating include:
- fading feelings for your spouse;
- desire for novelty;
- friends' lifestyle;
- revenge with treason for treason;
- rude attitude of a partner;
- sexual dissatisfaction;
- long absence of a partner;
- feeling of one's own attractiveness;
- cheating under the influence of alcohol.
According to statistics, lovers most often meet:
- At work;
- on a rest;
- business trip;
- at place of residence (neighbors).
World divorce statistics
Divorce is a common phenomenon not only in the lives of Russians, but also among residents of other countries. Modern statistics are disappointing: if you look at the map, you can see that frequent cases of divorce are a worldwide problem. Residents of the United States and Australia, Europe and Russia - no one is immune from failures in family life.
Divorce statistics in the world
The leader in marriage dissolution is Portugal, where about 71% of husbands and wives separate. Slightly fewer unions end in divorce in Hungary, where every tenth representative of the stronger sex is a person who has already been married. Things are no better in Scandinavian countries, for example, in Sweden, where the number of divorces reaches 50%. The coefficient is approximately the same in the United States, whose residents most often dissolve remarriages. In Russia and Belarus, the divorce rate is also about 50%.
According to demographic experts, such high ratings may be due to the fact that the divorce procedure has recently become quite simple. Moreover, European women feel financially confident, so they divorce their husbands without much fear.
Why are European and American families collapsing?
The ideas of freedom and independence, which are currently being promoted in European countries, have greatly influenced the number of divorces. Previously, the family was considered as a profitable financial support, so people did not want to leave and tried to preserve the marriage union. Moreover, marriage used to be encouraged. Now this is not the case, and various alternatives to the official union of a man and a woman are becoming increasingly popular.
Americans admit that they do not get enough emotions and pleasure from marriage, and consider divorce as a way out of this situation. It is known that the United States is a multinational country where completely different and dissimilar people live. This does not prevent them from falling in love, but it does not prevent them from getting divorced. One of the leading causes of divorce in this country is cultural incompatibility between spouses. A popular reason for divorce is also infidelity, the percentage of which is relatively high in America.
Civil marriage statistics
A civil marriage is a marriage without registration in the registry office, in fact it is considered cohabitation. Statistics in Russia have shown that 85% of men living in a civil marriage consider themselves single, and of women only 8% consider themselves unmarried.
According to statistics, the critical date for a civil marriage is the 4-year mark. In the future, such relationships have virtually no chance of developing into an official union. 64% of children born in a civil marriage witness the wedding of their parents.
According to statistics, in Russia 40% of couples live in a civil marriage. An interesting survey was recently conducted, which showed that every third man marries at the request of his other half, every fourth by tradition, and only every tenth - of his own free will and out of love.
Distribution of first marriages by age
The same trend is confirmed by the current age for getting married for the first time. Age statistics indicate that the current situation in Russia is as follows:
- The majority of men (more than 40%) enter into family relationships for the first time between the ages of 25 and 29.
- Girls register official relationships in the overwhelming majority from 20 to 24 years old - more than 37%. And another 32% are between 25 and 29 years old.
- All this indicates that early marriages in Russia are becoming more rare.
Reasons for breaking up relationships
Family divorce statistics indicate the following reasons:
- approximately 42% of couples separated due to unpreparedness for family life (psychologically or physically). During the dates, it seemed that this would always be the case, and the union registered at the registry office would only strengthen the relationship. However, after marriage, an understanding comes of how different the spouses are. Each of them requires constant attention to itself. While reciprocity is practically absent, which leads to systemic conflicts;
- 31% of women and 23% of men say that their partner’s alcoholism or drug addiction led to divorce;
- 15% of wives and 12% of husbands demand a divorce due to the infidelity of their other half;
- 9% of women file for divorce because their partners do not help them with household chores. Although it is noted that 40% of men do this along with their wife;
- 3.1% of couples separate due to the monotony of daily life;
- 1.8% of families separate due to financial problems;
- 1.6% disagree on financial issues;
- 1.5% of spouses cannot stand their partner’s jealous suspicions;
- 0.8% disagree due to sexual dissatisfaction;
- 0.2% of couples break up due to infertility of one of the partners.
These are the main reasons for divorce according to statistics. In this case, who exactly initiated the divorce plays a big role. According to statistics, men say the following after divorce:
- 37% get divorced due to lack of close relationships;
- 29% lacked tenderness and affection;
- 14% broke up due to irregular sex life;
- 14% felt like they were in prison;
- 9% did not have enough attention and care.
Psychologists say that if spouses in a family trusted each other and were not afraid to voice their opinions, then the divorce statistics in the world would be significantly lower.
Marriages by chance
Statistics in Russia indicate that a third of marriages are registered by pregnancy
.
But, unfortunately, family ties most often fall apart over time, and in most cases the initiator of divorce is the man
. Of course, there are also happy families by birth, here, first of all, everything depends on the relationship in the couple. If the couple had only passion, then the marriage is practically doomed to divorce.
Family life in this case is characterized by fragility. Very often, both a man and a woman who get married by chance become disappointed in family life, get divorced, or look for love on the side. A marriage without love and mutual respect cannot be successful, because it is not for nothing that they say that you cannot keep a man with a child.
Therefore, registering marriages by appointment often does not bring comfort and family coziness to either the man or the woman.
According to statistics, among people living in a common-law family, marriage by marriage is often successful. After all, the partners already have a serious and long-term relationship, they have built their way of life and know how to solve problems that arise among themselves. In this case, a marriage by marriage is practically no different from an ordinary marriage.
Divorces in Ukraine and Belarus
Divorce statistics in Belarus only confirm global trends. In 2020, 60.71 thousand marriages were registered. The number of divorces amounted to 33.15 thousand. In terms of 1000 marriages, this is 546. That is, almost half of the families break up. There are no data for 2019 yet.
The situation in Ukraine is somewhat different. In 2020, 228 thousand marriages were registered. The number of divorces amounted to 153.9 thousand. In terms of 1000 marriages, this is 673. In 2020, the situation changed dramatically. For 237.9 thousand marriages, there were only 38.6 thousand divorces. In terms of 1000 marriages, this is 162.
Number of divorces by number of children
But depending on how many children are born in a family, the factor directly affects the duration of family life. The following trend is observed:
- The more children there are in a family, the less couples feel the desire to separate.
- The lowest rates are where there are 2 or more children.
- The highest rates are where there are no common children.
- Although, over the past 5 years there has been a trend towards a decrease in the number of divorces in childless couples.
- But where there are more than 2 children, the number of divorces has almost doubled in 5 years.
The strongest marriages in Russia - statistics
According to statistics, out of 20 marriages for love, 10-11 are unsuccessful, out of 20 marriages of convenience, only 7 are unsuccessful, and out of 20 couples who married solely out of reason, only 4-5 families get divorced. Based on statistics, we can conclude that love is not a guarantee of a strong and happy union, and the strongest families are created based on reason.
A recent survey showed that in love marriages:
46% – still love their partner;
18% - believe that only a habit remains;
14% - together because of common interests and views;
12% - maintain the union out of love for their joint children;
10% – unites physical proximity.
Who files for divorce more often: men or women?
It has been established that in 68% of cases women file for divorce (in Moscow this figure increases to 80%) under the age of 50. Young women are especially active in this regard. After 50 years, divorce is most often initiated by husbands.
How can these indicators be explained? The fact is that wives, as a rule, evaluate the quality of marriage more harshly than their husbands. This is the reason for their more frequent initiative in divorce.
Divorce after 50 years of age often occurs on the initiative of men: the children have grown up, flown away from the nest, and there is no need to pay alimony.
And some men at 50 still feel quite strong enough to start a family with a younger wife.
Reduced divorces
Recently, since approximately the 2000s, there has been a steady decline in the overall number of divorces.
The statistics of early family relationships is declining, as are happy ones. But with foreigners and repeat visits it has increased somewhat, especially in comparison with the Soviet period and the beginning of the 90s.
The duration in all regions of Russia, including Moscow, has decreased slightly compared to the Soviet period, but has increased compared to the last decade. To make the ratio of marriages and divorces less frightening, a set of measures implemented at the state level is needed. These include:
- General improvement in the financial situation in the country.
- Salary increase.
- Providing a high level of medical care that will help eliminate problems with non-fertility of children for medical reasons.
- Special social programs that are aimed at strengthening the family.
- Various events and activities that, from school age, will teach you to value family and children on a psychological level.
All this will help increase the average marriage rate and its duration, as well as the number of children that will be born in each family.
How to reduce the number of divorces
In order to reduce divorce rates in Russia, you need to pay attention to the following points:
- Create centers for professional psychological assistance. This can also be done by opening a special office at the registry office.
- Create centers to help families. The activities of employees of such organizations should be aimed at helping couples overcome crisis situations and harmonizing marital relations.
- Provide young families with state assistance in housing issues. This is due to the fact that couples living with relatives lose their relationship.
Factors influencing divorce
It is necessary to understand that whether a couple commits their first or second relationship affects the duration of their life together. Most often they break up:
- Minors.
- Where there are no children in families.
- Where there is a difficult financial situation or, conversely, too high a level of financial wealth.
Among the main reasons for divorce in different regions of Russia, including Moscow and other large cities, are the following factors:
- Too high expectations both from a partner and from prospects for future life. Most often, in this case, a breakup is preceded by scandals and quarrels.
- Infidelity in the relationship of any of the partners, regardless of whether it is a man or a woman. There are two components to this. One is the inferior intimate life of the 2nd partner, who is left without the necessary attention and affection. The second is the inability to forgive betrayal.
- Incompatibility of spouses , which can be both physical and emotional-spiritual.
- Inability or unwillingness to make compromises . In this case, most often, the wrong upbringing imparted to parents from childhood plays a detrimental role. The fact is that people who remain excessively firm and committed to their own views and ideas are unable to flexibly perceive a partner, forgive and accept some aspects of his character. The result is constant conflicts and quarrels.
- The financial component is one of the most significant. Since in this case, due to lack of funds, constant crises arise. Most often, a woman is not ready to put up with the fact that a man cannot earn enough money to support not only her, but also a child. This situation most often occurs in developing countries, including Russia.
- The lack of obligations that everyone places on themselves at the level of their subconscious also affects the inability to take on increased responsibilities for the family.
- Excessive negative reaction to physical attractiveness on the one hand. On the other hand, the partner’s reluctance to take care of himself during the age when the body begins to change.
- Intervention from relatives . In this case, parents push their children to change their status, regardless of whether it is a son or a daughter.
- Lack of communication , which is caused by the busy modern lifestyle.
- The negative experiences of parents , which are a kind of example.
- Cheating in relationships.
- Lack of equality , which is most likely inherent in the mentality of the Slavs.
Life of adults and children after divorce
Statistics show that after a failed marriage, young people restart their family life. Men do this in 50% of cases, and women in 30%. For women, this is due to the fact that by nature they are more prone to affection. Also, it is often women who continue to raise children after divorce.
As life shows, not all free men are ready to take responsibility for both a woman and her child. The legislation of the Russian Federation does not limit citizens in the number of registered and dissolved marriages. Moreover, in order to enter into a new marriage, a citizen must be divorced. If one of the divorced parents enters into a new marriage and children are also born, the court may reduce the amount of alimony payments. This means that the main responsibility for supporting the child falls on the parent with whom he lives.
When did the divorce happen?
If we look at the history of autocratic Russia, the concept of divorce throughout its vast territory was practically unknown.
Do you think divorce is normal?
NOT REALLY
In those days, marriage actually took place in the church, and only she could divorce the spouses. The reasons for the breakdown of the family were carefully clarified and the culprit of its collapse, for the most part, did not have the opportunity to enter into a new marriage. In addition to the impossibility of creating another family, there was a “fear of God” in people, because divorce was considered a great sin and was severely punished by the church.
The situation in other countries of the world
In recent years, Portugal has been distinguished by the number of divorces. If we take one hundred couples as a basis, then about sixty-seven of them get divorced. Almost the same figure is 62-65% for Spain, the Czech Republic, and Hungary. In these countries, cheating on one's partner is often the reason why a relationship ends. In European countries such as Germany, Finland, Italy, Norway, divorce cases occur in 25-40%. Eastern countries with the Islamic religion have divorce statistics no higher than 22%. Divorce rates in countries such as Turkey, Egypt, Iran vary between 14-20%.
What factors influence divorces in the world?
If we analyze world statistics, we can identify the following circumstances affecting family relationships:
- current family legislation;
- traditions, customs of the country;
- standards of living;
- religion;
- mentality.
Countries with a high level of development are less susceptible to family breakdown. Where people's lives are at a lower level, divorces are more common. This is explained by the fact that the couple cannot survive in this society and provide an adequate standard of living for their children.
Statistics.
According to Rosstat, the number of official divorce proceedings in Russia is decreasing compared to previous years, although it remains at a high level. Thus, in 2020, 985 thousand marriages and 608 thousand divorces were registered.
If we take into account the statistics of recent years 16,17,18, the trends indicate an improvement in the situation. For comparison, the following data can be provided.
Year | Number of divorces per 1000 marriages |
2016 | 895 |
2017 | 827 |
According to statistics for 2020, the largest number of divorces occur in the following regions:
- Penza region;
- Kirov region;
- Saratov region.
The fewest official applications for divorce are in Tatarstan, Ingushetia, Chechnya, and Dagestan. In the republics, no more than 200 divorces were recorded over the past year.
Statistics confirm that traditionally the Caucasus regions have the least number of official cases of family breakdown.
This is associated with the cultural values and customs of local peoples. Among the leaders in the number of divorces are the Leningrad and Magadan regions.
Forecasts
Despite the fact that recently the statistics have somewhat leveled off and improved in their indicators, it is necessary to continue to direct all measures to ensure that marriages are preserved and the number of children in a family is steadily approaching 2. Only in this case can a demographic failure in the country be avoided.
Sources
- https://pravovoiexpert.ru/brak/statistika-brakov-i-razvodov/
- https://semeinoe-pravo.net/statistika-brakov-i-razvodov-v-rossii/
- https://infotables.ru/statistika/31-rossijskaya-federatsiya/787-statistika-brakov-i-razvodov
- https://erekto.ru/otnosheniya/prichiny-razvodov-statistika.html
- https://www.k-istine.ru/pure/pure_izmena.htm
- https://rosinfostat.ru/braki-razvodi/
[collapse]