Who can receive maternity capital
It is established that the right to register maternity capital arises for a woman who gives birth to the second or next child in the family during the period established by law for this family support measure.
The norms assign this opportunity to a woman, even if she did not give birth to these children, but carried out the adoption procedure.
However, when a mother who has the right to register maternity capital dies, or her rights to the child are deprived, the father of the born or adopted child has the opportunity to receive this amount.
When the family is incomplete (that is, without a father), then after the death of the mother, the right to matapital passes to all minor children in equal shares. This right may remain for a child until he is 23 years old if he is studying full-time.
Attention! The main condition for processing maternity capital amounts is that the mother or other person acting as the recipient of these payments has Russian citizenship. Also, the recipient must be permanently located on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Based on this, the following recipients of maternity capital can be identified:
- A woman who has given birth to her second child since January 1, 2021.
- A woman who gave birth to her third or subsequent child, starting from January 1, 2021, provided that at the birth of the previous baby, she did not apply for maternity capital.
- The father of the second or next child, provided that the child’s mother died or was deprived of her right to the child.
- A male adoptive parent, provided that the female adoptive parent was deprived of rights to the baby or she died.
- Minor children in the family if both parents have died or were deprived of parental rights. In this situation, all documents are drawn up by their legal representatives.
- Children under the age of 23 in the family, in the event of the death of their parents or deprivation of their parental rights, subject to the conditions of their full-time education.
Attention! From this we can conclude that the primary recipient of maternal capital is the woman, followed by the father, and then their children. When determining the number of children to process these amounts, they must be calculated according to the mother.
In the event of a stillbirth, registration of maternity capital is impossible. However, if he lived for some time after birth, the woman retains the right.
Will the amount of maternity capital change?
One of the sore points that relate to the topic of family capital is the amount that the state provides under this program.
After the maternity capital program appeared, its amount constantly grew. Indexations were carried out once a year, and the initial 250 thousand rubles, which were established in 2007, grew to more than 450 thousand by 2015.
The economic problems that befell Russia in 2014 forced the state to save on everything. One of the saving measures was freezing the amount of maternity capital. If in 2015 family capital was indexed, then from 2021 to 2021 there was no increase. It won't be there in 2021 either.
The amount of maternity capital in 2021 is the same - 453,026 rubles.
This news, by the way, is of interest not only to those who are planning to receive a certificate for maternal capital next year. It also affects those who already have such a certificate in their hands. Any indexation of maternity capital means indexation of the remaining funds for anyone who has such a document and some unspent money allocated by the state under this program.
The next indexation of maternal family capital is scheduled for 2021. Its amount will increase to 470,241 rubles.
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Issued once or per child
A family can use this right only once. Initially it occurs at the birth of the second baby. If you do not use it immediately, it can be issued at the birth of your third and subsequent children.
If you have previously used the right to maternity capital, you cannot re-register it at the birth of your third child.
Important! Thus, the right to material capital arises only once; the amounts of this state support are not paid for each child born.
Changes and latest news changes for 2 children
New this year is:
- The possibility of using maternal capital for the construction of a residential building on the territory of a garden plot.
- The time frame for obtaining this right has been reduced. Now this will take 15 days, and not 1 month as previously.
- In addition, from January 1, 2021, a family with a second child can take advantage of it and apply for a state mortgage with a loan interest rate of 6%.
Attention! Currently, the possibility of a family that has a second or subsequent baby to use not only maternity capital and a subsidy from the state in the amount of the established amount of this payment to pay off the mortgage is also being considered. However, at the moment this law has not yet been adopted.
Maternity capital in 2021
From January 1, 2021, a number of changes to the procedure for registering maternity capital will come into force.
Pension Fund employees approve applications within one calendar month, and money is credited to the account no later than 10 days from the date of approval of the application. This is not very convenient for those who are buying real estate, since not all sellers want to wait that long for the money to arrive. And therefore, they want to reduce the period for issuing maternity capital by exactly half from 2021. This was stated by D. Topilin. This is still being decided and whether it will come into force is unknown.
Who is eligible to receive a certificate?
A certificate for maternity capital is received by families in which the second, third or subsequent babies are born. Those who have adopted children will also be able to receive a certificate. The child must be at least the second in the family.
A certificate for maternity capital can only be obtained once in a lifetime!
Some citizens claim that a certificate is issued for each child born, but this is a mistaken opinion. If the certificate was not received immediately after the birth of the second child, then you can receive it when the child reaches adulthood or after the birth of the third baby.
The amount of maternity capital increases every year. For example, in 2015 the amount of financial capital was 250 thousand rubles, and in 2018 the amount is 453,026 rubles.
What can you spend maternity capital on in 2021?
The directions for using this payment are established by legislative bodies. These include:
- Improving living conditions for a family that has a second and subsequent child - purchasing an apartment, house, its construction or reconstruction.
- Paying for a child’s education - this can include preschool education, vocational training at an educational institution, paying for a hostel during training, etc.
- Direction of maternity capital funds for pension provision in terms of the mother’s savings.
- Purchasing special equipment and goods necessary for the adaptation of a child with disabilities to society.
- To pay a monthly allowance for the birth of a second and subsequent child.
Attention! It is possible to use the capital after the child is 3 years old. However, in some cases the law allows you to do this immediately.
This includes:
- Directing funds as a down payment on a mortgage, repaying an existing loan or covering interest;
- Payment for preschool education services;
- Payment of benefits for the second and further children up to 1.5 years old;
- Compensation for expenses incurred on goods for a disabled child.
What is maternity capital?
What is matcap?
Maternity capital is money that is issued for the birth of the second, third and subsequent children. Those who have adopted a child will also be able to receive maternity capital. But the adopted child must be at least the second in the family. Funds are issued in the form of a certificate, which can subsequently be used for certain needs. Maternity capital is a way to increase demographics in the Russian Federation. Every year the method of obtaining, conditions and target direction of maternity capital is reviewed.
Maternity capital began to be issued in 2007. And for eight years the amount was indexed. From 2021, the increase in the amount of financial capital has been suspended until 2021.
What you can't spend on
The law specifies a list of areas for spending maternity capital funds, and it is closed. This means that if the desired direction of spending is not mentioned in the law, then it will not be possible to spend funds on it.
For example, the following methods of using maternal capital are not permitted:
- To buy a car. This method is not included in the law, since the vehicle can be immediately resold to cash out, or the car can get into an accident, be stolen, etc.
- To purchase a summer house. Despite the fact that such use of capital is an improvement in living conditions, in essence the dacha is not intended for year-round use. But from 2021, it is allowed to use capital for the construction of a permanent residential building on a summer cottage.
- Renovation of an existing apartment. Despite the fact that living conditions are changing, there is no significant improvement in conditions or increase in living space.
- Used to pay for consumer loans. The funds can be used to cover the mortgage, but not for regular consumer loans, even if the sofa, TV, furniture, etc. purchased with them improved the child’s living conditions.
What can you do with maternity capital, and what should you not use it for?
All methods of disposing of benefits can be divided into two large groups: targeted and non-targeted. Very often people do not see or understand the difference between them. In short: everything that is included in the second group is considered illegal and unlawful, and is subject to punishment.
Below we list common options for disposing of funds, which many families mistakenly regard as legal. In reality, they are fraudulent and contrary to Russian law.
Why is it better not to use maternity capital to buy a car?
Although a car is a tool that significantly simplifies the life of a young family, purchasing a vehicle is not included in the list of permitted ways to manage maternal capital. This amendment was repeatedly discussed by the government, but was never adopted due to the following difficulties:
- the car can be sold immediately after purchase, which will allow you to cash out the funds;
- There is a high risk of theft or damage in an accident.
In addition, the machine is something that breaks down relatively quickly.
A car does not improve living conditions, does not contribute to children's education or parental pension.
Thus, the answer to the question of whether it is possible to purchase a car with a benefit is clear: no, it is not possible. Although this opportunity would appeal to most families, it solved the problem of their movement around the city or town.
Is it possible to use matkapital as a contribution for a plot or dacha?
Current legislation provides for the possibility of spending subsidies on improving housing conditions. However, the purchased housing must meet a number of requirements. Dacha areas are not suitable because:
- construction work on them may drag on indefinitely;
- Often they are not suitable for year-round living.
In other words, it will not be possible to receive benefits for a plot without any residential buildings.
What is the difference between a dacha and a private house.
- The first is located on a summer cottage, the second is on the territory of an individual residential development.
- The structures of the dacha are lightweight, and the house has a solid foundation and solid walls, a water supply system, connected to heating and an electrical network.
For what purposes and needs can maternity capital be used? Is it possible to use the certificate and spend money on repairs?
Repair work is not included in the list of what maternal capital is allowed to be used for. However, it is possible to carry out a complete reconstruction.
In this case, it is important to consider that:
- during its implementation, the building plan is modernized;
- the purpose of interior spaces is changing.
If you are planning to remodel a house or apartment, it can be equated to reconstruction. And, therefore, spend money from the certificate on this. If you are just planning to do some minor cosmetic repairs, this will require your own finances.
What can you spend maternity capital on: is it legal to use a consumer loan?
The opportunity to get a loan is something that would have a positive impact on the well-being of many families. In particular, it would allow those who are limited in money to buy housing and cannot immediately pay the entire amount for a house or apartment. However, capital does not provide for the conclusion of such financial relations with banks and credit organizations. This is due to the fact that some families would probably try to use borrowed resources irrationally and inappropriately.
In the judicial practice of recent years, there are indeed cases where people managed to prove the need to obtain a consumer loan under a maternal certificate. But there are very few of them, they are quite difficult to conduct from a legal point of view. In other words, participation in such a process does not provide any guarantees - there is a high risk that you will waste your time, nerves and effort.
What documents are required to obtain
Documents for registration of maternity capital must be provided at the place of actual residence or registration of the recipient of the payment.
This group includes:
- Applications for issuing a certificate;
- A copy of the certificate recipient's passport;
- A copy of the SNILS card;
- Documents confirming the birth of all children;
- Certificates for adoption of all such children in the family;
- In the case where one of the child’s parents is not a citizen of the country, it is necessary to provide a document to confirm the fact that the child has Russian citizenship.
Attention! If a document needs to be provided in the form of a copy, then the original is also provided along with it from the PF or MFC. After comparison, the latter is returned to the owner.
Procedure for receiving capital
Registration of capital is not a complicated procedure.
Step 1. Give birth or adopt a child
At the first stage, it is necessary for a child to appear in the family. This can be done through adoption, or by giving birth to a baby. An important step here is to obtain supporting documents. As soon as they are in hand, you can begin to collect other forms for obtaining government support.
Step 2. Prepare a document confirming your right to payment
Such a document is a maternity capital certificate. Its registration can be done at any time after the birth or adoption of a child.
Documents for obtaining maternity capital
To obtain a certificate for maternity capital, you need to collect documents and submit them to the Pension Fund or MFC.
List of documents:
- Completed application
- Passport and SNILS of the applicant
- Birth certificates of children
- SNILS for children.
After submitting documents, they will be reviewed by Pension Fund employees within a month. After consideration, you can receive a certificate in your hands. The certificate can be used after the child reaches the age of three, with the exception of a mortgage loan.
What can maternity capital be used for??
What can you spend maternity capital on?
Maternity capital can be used for the following purposes:
- Buying a home
- Construction or expansion of a house
- Cumulative part of mother's pension
- Studying at a licensed educational institution
- Down payment on mortgage
- Mortgage repayment
Illegal cash withdrawal methods: what not to do
The following methods are most often used to obtain maternity capital in cash in a short time.
But these methods are illegal:
- The property appraiser specifically inflates the value of housing purchased with a mortgage. As a result, the bank issues a loan for such an amount that it is possible not only to cover the real cost of the apartment, but also to return part of the funds in cash to the buyer. Punishment in such a situation will be applied not only to the recipient of the capital, but also to the appraiser.
- If relatives take part in real estate transactions. They, as sellers, receive maternal capital funds, after which they return them to the buyer.
- The recipient of maternal capital enters into a fictitious contract for the construction of new housing, which is financed by the payment. For a certain fee, part of the funds is returned to the buyer, but no new housing is actually built.
- To register maternity capital, he provides the Pension Fund with fictitious documents.
Important! Each of these methods is inherently fraudulent and such actions will be punished under criminal law.
