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The current legislation of the Russian Federation provides for support for unemployed citizens by paying benefits and providing assistance in finding new jobs. Older people have always been at risk of losing their jobs.
The increase in the retirement age has burdened employment centers with problems, since when staffing is downsized, older people are fired first. It is difficult to get a job after 45, what can we say about 60-year-old citizens. Therefore, it is important to know whether, after the liquidation of an enterprise, a pensioner can join the labor exchange and whether one should hope to receive financial support.
Is it possible or not for a pensioner to find a job through an employment center?
Every citizen of the Russian Federation has the right to receive help in finding a job, regardless of age and grounds for dismissal. Pensioners, by law, should not have their rights infringed upon, so they join the labor exchange on a general basis .
When the retirement age was increased, the authorities assured that no one would be fired or refused employment due to their advanced age. But for such statements it was necessary to descend from the heights to know that in Russia, long before the reforms, it was difficult to get a job at an enterprise even at 35 years old. Employers often require mandatory experience from young people, without thinking about where it will come from, immediately after graduating from a university or technical school.
According to Federal Law No. 173, adopted in 2001 and amended in 2021, together with Federal Law No. 166 on state pension provision and Law No. 1032 Art. 32, many points of which have lost force, but a general legislative provision remains that benefits are assigned only to citizens with the official status of “unemployed”.
Persons who receive material support from the state treasury are not recognized as such. Therefore, pensioners should not count on additional unemployment benefits to their pensions.
On the State Services portal you can see that according to law 1032-1 art. 32 clause 1 of 1991 people who receive a pension are not recognized as unemployed , and therefore cannot register with the employment center. But due to changes in laws, older citizens are registered at the labor exchange and even helped in finding employment.
It is also useful to read: Earning money on the Internet for pensioners
Military retirees
Nobody forbids military pensioners, if they left the service full of strength and health, to get a job when pension provision is not enough. When receiving government subsidies, he, just like an ordinary pensioner, will not receive benefits for layoffs at the enterprise.
Only a person who has no income at all is unemployed. But the employment center accepts former military personnel to help them find civilian work. Employees of the labor exchange help in obtaining additional education, and students are entitled to a scholarship.
After downsizing or liquidation of an enterprise
Employers fire their staff for various reasons :
- personal violation of labor discipline;
- Liquidation of company;
- staff reduction.
The Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Article 81, regulates the procedure for dismissal. The legislative act approved the selection of applicants, where retirees do not have any privileges over other employees.
People of retirement age receive on a general basis:
- salary for shifts worked;
- compensation payments for unused vacation;
- bonuses with additional payments, if any;
- severance pay equal to the average income earned at the enterprise.
There is a provision here that also applies to pensioners. The company must transfer compensation based on average monthly earnings to the employment service, and additional payments are made on this basis. Why should a dismissed employee register within 14 days? In this case, benefits from the state budget are not accrued.
Attention! In order to receive additional payments, the work book must contain Article 81 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Part 1, Clause 2 and a record of reduction, but not dismissal on one’s own initiative.
If you quit voluntarily
A person without a job can contact the labor exchange so that inspectors can help them find employment. The appeal does not affect the reason for which the dismissal occurred at the initiative of the pensioner or in a forced manner.
Only the provision on unemployment, who can be considered unemployed in Russia, prevents citizens of this category from receiving benefits. The state will not pay a person if he is on pension support. Such security is equivalent to official income.
Are pensioners placed on the labor exchange?
The employment center is a structure that resolves employment issues for various segments of the population. The department's responsibilities also include the payment of labor benefits to persons who were unable to find work within a certain time period. According to Russian legislation, any citizens of the country who are in the process of searching for a job can contact the Employment Center. Department employees provide support not only to people who have lost their previous jobs, but also to people who are getting a job for the first time.
Citizens of retirement age are endowed with a list of rights, similar to any other categories of persons. Older people who have been laid off or dismissed from a previous position can also register with the Employment Center. At the same time, the factor of being in a certain age group cannot become a reason for refusal to issue the relevant documents.
According to Art. 32 of Russian Law No. 1032-1 of April 19, 1994, labor benefits are addressed to persons who are in the status of unemployed citizens. In Art. 31 of the same normative act provides a designation establishing that such status cannot be assigned to people receiving a labor or military pension.
Military pensioner
Every pensioner who previously held a position in the Russian Armed Forces or structures with a similar status can register with the Employment Center. Such categories of citizens are employed in new work positions, receiving wages together with state labor support based on length of service.
Military pensioners receiving insurance or long-service payments cannot be assigned the status of an unemployed citizen. Due to this state of affairs, when registering with the Employment Center, such categories of persons will not receive targeted labor benefits. However, the legislation clearly states a positive answer to the question of whether a military pensioner can join the labor exchange.
When contracting
The procedure for dismissing personnel of private firms or state-owned enterprises is an event subject to Art. 81 of the Labor Code of Russia.
In accordance with the regulations, resignation from a job is due to certain reasons:
- in connection with violations of labor discipline;
- due to liquidation of the organization;
- when carrying out staff reduction measures;
- at the time of restructuring of departments, etc.
According to the official laws of the Russian Federation, pensioners do not have privileges in terms of processes related to personnel dismissal. Such categories of citizens can be laid off in accordance with the normative procedure and can subsequently register with the Employment Center. Thus, to the question of whether a laid-off pensioner can join the labor exchange, there is a clearly positive answer.
After dismissal
Pensioners who quit their previous position on their own can also join the labor exchange. Employees and specialists of the Employment Center provide support to such categories of persons in accordance with generally established standards and procedures.
However, pensioners who quit of their own free will also cannot receive targeted labor benefits. Such people are not given the official status of an unemployed citizen, since the insurance pension they receive is equal to their declared income.
How to join the employment center
To register at the employment center, you need to come there with documents:
- passport;
- diploma of education;
- application for registration;
- certificate of salary at the last place of work for 3 months;
- work book.
It should be noted that a pensioner will not receive benefits from the state if he quit of his own free will. In the event of liquidation of an enterprise or reduction of personnel, the employer is obliged to pay compensation in the amount of average earnings, but on an individual basis.
Although this issue is controversial, management often suggests a transfer to another position or enterprise. Dismissed by agreement of the parties, paid contractual compensation. If the problem is resolved through the courts, the court takes the side of pensioners .
How to join the stock exchange through State Services
Now let’s look at the process of remote registration with the labor exchange. Please note that to submit an online application, a citizen needs the details of the bank account where the central bank will transfer the money. This is not a card number, but the full details of the current account.
From July 1, 2021, benefits can only be received to accounts to which a MIR card is linked, or to an account without a card. Details can be obtained from online banking, an ATM of the servicing bank or at its branch.
How to join the labor exchange remotely:
Log in to your account on State Services. On the main page, enter “Registration at the employment center” in the search bar. The system will display suitable sections and articles, select the one you need:
Study the information provided and click the blue “Submit Application” button. The citizen is redirected to the service page, where the entire procedure is described in detail step by step. You need to click the “Get service” button:
Since the application is submitted from a verified account, the applicant's basic information will already be entered into the form. This is your full name, tax identification number, passport details, contact telephone number and email address. Then the fields that need to be filled in manually begin:
What you need to enter:
- region of your permanent or temporary registration;
- education. In this case, the educational institution, series and number of the education document, year of issue are indicated;
- information about the presence of minor children. If there is, you need to indicate their full name, date of birth, birth certificate or passport details;
- the applicant's social status;
- information on the last place of work, if any. The grounds for dismissal are also indicated here;
- How is it convenient for the applicant to receive benefits? You can choose to receive it in cash via the Post Office or by transfer to a bank account.
After filling out the online application, the citizen clicks the “Submit Application” button.
If you submit an application on a weekend or holiday, the date of application will be considered the next business day.
What benefits does registration give to older people?
Despite the fact that a pensioner cannot count on receiving state benefits, he will receive material compensation from the employer in the form of average earnings only after registering with the employment exchange. If a citizen does not register within 2 weeks after dismissal, he will be denied payment. In addition, when a pension has not yet been formalized, lack of work, under some circumstances, gives the right to retire early.
If conscientious employees work at the exchange, they help with employment and organize other specialized education. Provide assistance in retraining. Or they will introduce you to vacancies that match the education and experience of the unemployed.
Simply being recorded is not enough for the employer to compensate for the loss of earnings. A dismissed employee must, within 3 months, get a job that will be offered to him on the stock exchange. After 3 refusals due to personal reasons, compensation will stop. If the reason for the disruption is a manager who does not want to hire the old man, the former employer will have to pay for the forced leave of the former employee.
How to register for unemployment online in the Moscow region
Residents of the Moscow region who lost their jobs due to the coronavirus pandemic will receive regional compensation starting April 1, 2021. The maximum monthly payment is 15 thousand rubles, taking into account all mandatory unemployment payments. You can apply for unemployment benefits remotely on the “Work in Russia” portal. How to do this, read the material mosreg.ru.
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How to register on the site
Yandex search engine
Source: Photobank of the Moscow region
To use the “Work in Russia” portal, you must log in to the site as an applicant. Login to your personal account is carried out through your State Services account. If the user is not registered on it, the system will offer a quick registration.
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How to create a resume
Source: RIAMO, Alexander Manzyuk
Before applying to register as unemployed, you should create a resume. To do this, click the “Add resume” button on the main page of the site.
Then, in a special form, you should indicate your personal data, the date of readiness to start work, the desired salary level, field of activity and profession. It is better to indicate one desired position. Those looking for work in different fields are advised to create several resumes. To avoid filling in the same fields, you can use the “Duplicate” function.
At the next stages, you need to provide your wishes for the vacancy, contact information, fill out your work history, enter data on education, achievements, completion of qualification courses, knowledge of foreign languages, social status, add recommendations from previous places of work, describe personal and professional qualities. After clicking the “Save” button, the resume will be sent for moderation.
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How to apply to the employment service
Computer laptop
Source: RIAMO
After publishing a resume, the user has the opportunity to submit an application for government services to assist in finding a suitable job (the “Submit Application” button on the main page of the site). The applicant’s personal data is filled in automatically using the State Services system.
Next, you should select one of your resumes, indicate the address of your place of residence (as in your passport), the corresponding employment center, the method of receiving benefits (to a bank account or by postal order) and your contacts.
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Finding suitable vacancies
Laptop
Source: , pixabay.com
If there are suitable vacancies in the employment center database, two job offers will be received in the applicant’s personal account in the “Responses and Invitations” section. The applicant must undergo an interview with potential employers remotely within three days.
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Registration and assignment of benefits
Laptop
Source: , pixabay.com
11 days from the date of application are allotted to search for suitable vacancies. If a job cannot be found during this time, the employment center makes a decision to recognize the applicant as unemployed. The user receives a notification about this in his personal account. An applicant who has received unemployed status is automatically assigned benefits.
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Registration at a location other than your place of residence
Working in an office at a computer
Source: Photobank of the Moscow region, Alexander Kozhokhin
It should be remembered that recognition as unemployed is possible only at the registration address indicated in the passport. If you apply in another municipality, the applicant will be registered and will be helped to find a vacancy, but he will not be given benefits.
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Other conditions for granting benefits
Payment online
Source: Forestry Committee of the Moscow Region
The maximum unemployment benefit in the Moscow region with a regional increase due to the pandemic is assigned if the following conditions are met:
— in 2021, the citizen worked for at least 60 calendar days (according to a work book or contract);
— the dismissal was not due to a disciplinary offense.
An applicant who does not meet these conditions can also register and receive a payment, but in a smaller amount.
Pensioners (including military personnel), students and full-time students, founders of LLCs, citizens who have registered individual entrepreneurs or peasant farms are not recognized as unemployed.
Unemployment status may be denied if the previous employer did not submit information about the employee’s dismissal to the pension fund. In such a situation, the applicant must contact the former manager, and in case of refusal, the State Labor Inspectorate.
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Retiring early from the labor exchange
In a certain period, an employee may qualify for early registration of pension benefits. This provision is implemented subject to certain conditions :
- Possession of a highly qualified or rare profession;
- dismissal due to staff reduction or liquidation of the company;
- before retirement age;
- sufficient length of service, for example, as a teacher or medical worker.
You should not apply for an early retirement pension if you quit for health reasons or at your own request. The initiator for early registration of a pension is a petition from the local employment center to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation at the actual location of the employee.
After the competent officials at the regional Pension Fund make a satisfactory decision, the person will receive a pension, he will be deregistered on the stock exchange and will stop paying unemployment benefits.
Important! If a citizen gets a job, the early pension will be canceled and will be re-appointed only when retirement age is reached.
The legislative framework
Can a pensioner receive unemployment benefits if he is unemployed? Firstly, if he has an old-age pension, he cannot be considered unemployed. But if he refused to pay the pension, the situation changes dramatically. Also, if you are made redundant, you can claim various benefits.
Elena Smirnova
Pension lawyer, ready to answer your questions.
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Articles 2 and 3 of the Law of the Russian Federation “On Employment of the Population of the Russian Federation” clearly prescribe that a pensioner who has applied for and receives an old-age pension is not considered unemployed.
Law No. 1032-1, Article 31, approved on April 19, 1991, confirms the right of pensioners to join the labor exchange, even if he receives a long service or old age pension. The same law, in article 32, states that only the unemployed are eligible for benefits from the central labor protection center.
The assignment of a military pension is regulated by Law No. 4468-I.
What does the employment center guarantee?
According to the law, a pensioner who was fired due to a reduction in staff cannot be recognized as officially unemployed, since he is accrued a pension upon reaching old age or length of service. Therefore, the center will not pay him benefits. Thus, although he is not entitled to unemployment benefits, they will help him find a new job: they will provide a list of vacancies (in accordance with his physical capabilities and work experience) that he can count on if he passes the interview.
