Who is a Pensioner in Russia

Article 2

state pension pension - a monthly state cash payment, the right to receive which is determined in accordance with the conditions and norms established by this Federal Law, and which is provided to citizens in order to compensate them for earnings (income) lost in connection with the termination of the federal state civil service upon reaching the length of service established by law when receiving an old-age (disability) insurance pension; or for the purpose of compensating lost earnings for citizens from among the cosmonauts or from among the flight test personnel in connection with retirement for long service; or for the purpose of compensation for damage caused to the health of citizens during military service, as a result of radiation or man-made disasters, in the event of disability or loss of a breadwinner, upon reaching the legal age; or disabled citizens in order to provide them with a means of subsistence;

length of service - taken into account when determining the right to certain types of pensions under state pension provision, the total duration of periods of work and other activities that are counted in the insurance period for receiving a pension provided for by Federal Law of December 28, 2013 N 400-FZ “On Insurance Pensions” ( hereinafter referred to as the Federal Law “On Insurance Pensions”);

Benefit for pre-retirees.

A situation where the calculated amount of the funded part of the pension is 5% or less of the old-age pension allows you to receive all your savings one-time. In case of urgent payment, savings will be issued within 10 years. In the latter option, the size of the savings part is determined by attributing the savings made to 252 months. When the received value is more than 5%, the pre-retirement pensioner receives the right to unlimited monthly payments.

Right to alimony

Mandatory part of the inheritance. This benefit allows a pre-retirement person, regardless of the nature of the will, to receive at least half of the property that would be due to him upon inheritance by law. The allocation of inheritance comes from the entire mass of inherited property, both willed and not, which the pre-pensioner would have received based on the order of inheritance. All manipulations are carried out in accordance with the procedural rules and deadlines established for inheritance.

May 19, 2021 gmurist 255

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What you need to know about the pension system

Persons to whom a pension is assigned earlier than the generally established retirement age due to work in difficult, dangerous and harmful working conditions, for which employers pay additional insurance contributions to the pension at special rates. Namely, persons employed:

The Russian Pension Fund has launched an information service through which information is provided about Russians who have reached pre-retirement age. This data is used by authorities, departments and employers to provide appropriate benefits to citizens. For example, employment centers, which from 2021 provide increased unemployment benefits to pre-retirees and are engaged in professional retraining and advanced training programs for pre-retirees.

At the regional level, separate benefits for travel, utilities, etc. may be provided. The age of citizens entitled to such benefits is also determined independently by the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. So, in St. Petersburg it is 55 and 60 years, similarly in the capital. Moscow pensioners, in particular, can count on free travel on city and suburban transport (trains), free repair of dentures, free trips to sanatoriums or resorts if there are medical indications, and a number of other benefits (Law No. 19 of Moscow dated 26 /09/18).

A certificate of pre-retirement status, required to receive benefits, can be ordered in your personal account on the Pension Fund website or through State Services. Receiving State Services through the website will become possible in the second quarter of this year. Help can also be obtained from the Fund's customer service.

What social benefits are available to non-working pensioners?

In 2002, two types of pensions were introduced: funded and insurance. 22% of the salary, at the request of the payer, was divided into two parts - 16% for the insurance pension and 6% for the funded pension. The funded pension is managed by non-state pension funds, so it provides income from investment. In 2014, a moratorium on funded pensions was introduced until 2023. And all 22% began to go to insurance again.

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If the income is below the federal subsistence level, then a non-working pensioner has the right to additional security - an additional payment up to this minimum from the state budget. You can get help by personally visiting the Pension Fund, the “My Documents” MFC, or (for residents of all regions except Moscow and the Moscow region) through the “State Services” website.

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Pensioners who have the status of Hero of the Soviet Union, Hero of the Russian Federation, full holder of the Order of Glory, have the right to travel free of charge twice a year for personal needs in trains and carriages of all categories, and once a year to the place of treatment and back.

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What rights does a working pensioner have?

Which pensioners are eligible for this subsidy? Citizens residing in the capital (at their place of residence) who are subscribers of the MGTS landline telephone and receive an annual income tax as home front workers, military service veterans or labor veterans (including military service veterans or labor veterans of pre-retirement age - women 55 years old and men 60 years old who received status for the purpose of providing additional measures of social support), or rehabilitated.

A person simply cannot bring some of the money and transfer it to his own account for the benefit of the future. But you can participate in co-financing programs. In the near future, this will become easier, as will the assignment of payments from accumulated funds.

How does the Pension Fund determine whether a pensioner works or not?

In Russia, pensions, unfortunately, are quite small, and many pensioners continue to work even after retirement. At the moment, there are about nine million working pensioners in Russia. If they work officially, then according to the rule in force from 2021, pension indexation is not required. Moreover, government officials put forward the idea that such citizens should be deprived of pension payments altogether. If a pensioner is officially employed, then information about this fact must be indicated by the employer in the Pension Fund. There is a way out and this is unofficial work. Back in June 2021, Deputy Ministry of Labor and Social Protection Pudov said that a decision to cancel pensions for working pensioners could well be made. Also in October 2021, the possibility was discussed that if a pensioner’s monthly income is above two and a half subsistence levels, the fixed payment to the insurance pension will be abolished.

The fact of work is established on the basis of individual (personalized) accounting information available to the body providing pension provision. In this case, we are talking about the Pension Fund, which receives data about a working pensioner. The implementation or termination of work activity abroad is confirmed by standard certificates issued by the competent authorities of the country where the person works. Pensioners who do not fall into any of the above categories are so-called “non-working pensioners”. Recent events are related to the introduction of new norms and amendments, including to pension legislation. In any case, the Pension Fund will not miss the opportunity to obtain information about additional income of citizens. And he does this in order to preserve the budget as much as possible and deprive the pensioner who works of absolutely any additional payments. In reality, working pensioners, like other self-employed categories of persons, can be calculated on the basis of the recently adopted Federal Law on Self-Employment in Russia.

We have already spoken about the timing from which tax benefits begin to apply: they are an exception to the general rule of applying benefits for citizens of pre-retirement age. If we rely on the explanations of the Pension Fund, the terms are fixed at the level of the “old” pensions. Tax benefits for this category of workers were established by Federal Law No. 378 dated 10/30/18. It amended Art. 391, 407 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, concerning, respectively, land tax and tax on houses, utility premises, garages.

It is not profitable for the employer to fire, as well as to unmotivatedly refuse to employ such a person: amendments to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (Article 144.1) for this threaten not only with a fine of up to 200 thousand rubles, but also with compulsory work for up to 360 hours.
To undergo medical examination, older employees are given two additional days off per year according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Article 185.1).
Unemployed citizens in this category can count on a benefit of 11,280 rubles. (while “ordinary” unemployed people have a maximum of 8,000 rubles). The benefit payment period for them has also been increased and can be increased even if they have a period of service defined by law.

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According to Art. 3 of the Labor Code, everyone has equal opportunities to exercise the right to work. For example, no one can be limited in labor rights and freedoms or receive any advantages due to age (Part 2 of Article 3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). Therefore, in general cases, the rules for hiring age pensioners are similar to the rules applied to ordinary employees. However, the law provides for two restrictions related to the age of the applicant. For civil servants, the age limit for civil service is 65 years (clause 4, clause 2, article 39 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2004 N 79-FZ “On the State Civil Service of the Russian Federation”). Candidates under the age of 65 can be elected to the positions of heads of universities (rector, vice-rectors, heads of branches, deans of faculties) (Part 12 of Article 332 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). Upon reaching this age, employees occupying these positions should be transferred, with their written consent, to other positions that meet their qualifications. What agreements can be concluded with a pensioner?

According to paragraph 3 of the Determination of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation dated May 15, 2007 N 378-O-P, old-age pensioners include persons who have reached retirement age and who, in accordance with pension legislation, have been assigned an old-age pension. If a pension is assigned due to other circumstances, such a citizen is not considered an old-age pensioner. Men who have reached the age of 60 years and women who have reached the age of 55 years have the right to an old-age labor pension (Clause 1, Article 7 of the Federal Law of December 17, 2001 N 173-FZ “On Labor Pensions in the Russian Federation”).

For those citizens who received a labor disability pension, but upon reaching 65 or 60 years of age (for men and women, respectively) were transferred to receive a social old-age pension, its amount cannot be less than the size of the labor disability pension. Such people are paid an increased social pension.

The conditions for receiving a state old-age pension vary depending on many factors. Recipients of this pension are divided into several categories listed below, for which different conditions for receiving the state old-age pension apply.

statement;
identity document;
a document containing information about the applicant’s place of residence in Moscow if such information is not included in the identity document;
certificate of a military veteran (if you have been awarded such a rank);
additional documents .

You need to submit documents to any. From there they will be transferred to the social welfare department at your place of residence. The application must be considered by the social security department no later than 6 working days from the day following the day of registration of the application in.

State funded pension programs are designed to provide for citizens working for the government and local authorities. The main source of income to accumulative pension funds are annual contributions from the Federal Government, as well as the investment profit of the funds.

PENSIONER - PENSIONER, a person receiving a pension. Depending on the grounds on which a pension is established, pensions differ for old age, for disability, for the loss of a breadwinner, and for pensioners receiving a pension for long service. It is also customary to subdivide P. pa... ... Demographic Encyclopedic Dictionary

Who is considered a lonely pensioner?

All labor payments, including wages, average earnings in specified cases;
Compensation payments issued during the performance of government duties and public work;
Severance pay;
Income received from the use of family property, as well as from the sale of products from one’s own farm;
Social payments to persons of retirement age;
Other types of income available to a single pensioner.

What benefits are provided?

The right to receive benefits is given to a citizen living alone and his family, which, according to Article 6 of Federal Law No. 134-FZ of October 24, 1997 On the subsistence level in the Russian Federation, belongs to a low-income family. This category of persons has the right to benefit from social support from the state.

Please note that the pre-retirement age is set 5 years before the retirement of each individual person, which depends on his date of birth . Many websites, including the Pension Fund website, have tables with incorrect data and tables. For example, it is indicated that women born in 1968 and men born in 1963 are pre-retirees as of 2021. This is wrong! The retirement age for them is 60 and 65, that is, they still have 9 years until retirement, which means they are not considered pre-retirement yet. They will only fall into this category from 2023.

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You can check whether a citizen is a pre-retirement person entitled to any benefits using a special service on the Pension Fund website . It allows you to instantly generate a statement indicating whether you can take advantage of the benefits or not. The service generates certificates of 3 types: tax benefits, support from the employment service and benefits from the employer. Detailed instructions for generating such certificates are presented in the article at the link.

What age is considered pre-retirement?

For example, women who work in the textile industry in conditions of increased severity and intensity can apply for pension payments at 50 years of age. Accordingly, they will be considered pre-retirement at 45.

Such a short period is due to the fact that they will not be teaching completely new skills and knowledge; it is planned to “enrich” their professional skills. For example, training in the use of modern information technologies or teaching. In this case, a person with extensive experience will be able to work more effectively or even go to work as a teacher.

Transport tax benefits are established by each constituent entity of the Russian Federation by its own regulations. Typically this is a tax exemption for one vehicle (sometimes with a limit on engine power).

Unemployment benefit

The Pension Fund made sure that employers did not accidentally violate the law and provided days off to those who have the right to it. For this purpose, a special electronic system was even created, with the help of which the Pension Fund of Russia will send data to the employer.

• Protection from dismissal from work (Article 144.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).
• Increased unemployment benefits (RF Government Decree No. 1375).
• Early retirement 2 years before the due date (Article 32 of Law No. 1032-I “On Employment in the Russian Federation”).
• Additional (second) day for annual medical examination (Article 185.1 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
• Additional vocational training (Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 3025-r).
• The right to a funded pension (Law No. 424 Federal Law).
• Reason for receiving child support (Article 169 of the RF IC).
• Mandatory part of the inheritance (Article 1149 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).
• Privileges for property and land taxes (Articles 391 and 407 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

What is required for pensioners

House;
apartment, room;
garage, parking place;
single real estate complex;
premises used for a creative workshop, atelier, studio, non-state museum, gallery, library;
a house or residential building that is located on a plot of land provided for personal subsidiary farming, dacha farming, vegetable gardening, horticulture, and individual housing construction.

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Working pensioners are entitled to another benefit: property deductions for acquisition or construction expenses. The deduction is provided for three tax periods preceding the period in which the carryover balance of property deductions was formed. To receive this benefit, you need to submit an application to the department.

Who is considered a pensioner?

Explanation on indexation of pensions for working pensioners. Who is considered a working pensioner and further actions to ensure that the pension is indexed. Personally, I have a seasonal job based on a work completion certificate for 5 months a year. Am I eligible for indexing?

5) I have already asked several times and the general answer is that it is already clear, I just want to know specifically - is it possible for pensioners from Kazakhstan at the age of 59 and 63 to take a RVP or are we not considered disabled because only at 60 and 65 years old, respectively. Perhaps this is at the discretion of the commission, or is there still an exact answer and not a list of who has the right to receive a temporary residence permit without quotas, which is known (the daughter is a citizen of the Russian Federation)

Types of pensions in the Russian Federation

The second type involves financial support for citizens who served in federal bodies. It happens upon reaching seniority, old age or disability. Also, cosmonauts, test pilots, people taking part in hostilities, and victims of various types of disasters receive a similar pension.

Persons in public service must have at least 15 years of experience. The specificity of this position is that the position cannot be interrupted for more than a year. That is, the experience should ideally be continuous. Pilots and cosmonauts must be citizens of our country and have experience: men from 25 years, and women from 20 years. For military personnel, the period of performance of official duties is at least 20 years. In this case, the retirement age is considered to be 45 years.

Types of pensions in the Russian Federation for people with experience

The state old-age pension is determined by those who suffered as a result of radiation and man-made disasters. The conditions for accruals depend on the status of the person, the nature of the work performed, time and place of residence. For example, participants in the liquidation of the Chernobyl accident in 1986-1987 can retire at 50 and 45 years old (men and women). If you took part in 1988-1990, then upon reaching 55 (men) and 50 (women) years.

Social pension

It implies guaranteed assistance from the authorities of vulnerable groups. The social pension is usually minimal, but it is not affected by length of service or the amount of insurance contributions. You cannot receive such assistance during periods of paid work.

The legislator smoothed out this nuance and “tied” the right to these benefits not to the concept of age-related disability, but specifically to the age of 55/60 years. And this is exactly the age category that will mainly be “pre-retirement people” after the completion of the reform.

Otherwise, the same principles apply as we described in the previous section of the article. As in the case of ordinary citizens, some difficulties with determining the status of “pre-retirement” for preferential categories may arise in the period from 2021 to 2023.

Women

Articles 391 and 407 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation contain information on tax benefits for pensioners. Receipt of these benefits is directly related to the fact of retirement. It is logical that with an increase in the retirement age by five years, the established preferences become available to citizens also five years later.

What payments is a pensioner entitled to when purchasing a home? The law allows for a refund of 13% of personal income tax from wages, a maximum of 260 thousand rubles. In a situation where an apartment is purchased and a pensioner leaves work, he has the right to return part of the tax for the year when he bought the apartment and received a salary, and transfer the rest to the three previous years. The state is accommodating to the citizen, because next year, if he has already quit and does not get a job again, he will have nothing to receive a deduction from.